How Can Different Methods of Listening to Music Have an...

Research Question: How can different methods of listening to music have an effect on the transmission of musical sinusoidal waves? Introduction: Music is a universal language. It is a part of culture that has been around for thousands of years, dating back to the first recorded German flutist 40,000 years ago during the Stone Age. Lyrics and sounds can be understood and interpreted independently, but it is how humans are able to take in these sounds and interpret them that is often misunderstood. The biological and psychological aspects of this process play an imperative role, including the idea that our hearing systems are based solely on the cerebellum and physical movement, rather than chemical reactions which usually evoke our†¦show more content†¦Such efficiency will be determined by measuring the frequencies of songs using sine waves, the volume at which a genre of music should be played can be understood. Efficiency is fully dependent on atmospheric conditions, such as pressure. Using the sine function will help to analyze the frequency in relation to the period, amplitude, and any possible shifts that may ha ve an influence on the production and receiving of music. First, I will be using an EQu device to measure frequency (dB). This is considered the â€Å"original source.† Measurements of the frequencies are represented as sine waves, beginning at the 0 (indicated by the green line): By doing so, the frequency, amplitude, and pitch can be analyzed. The frequency measures how fast something vibrates, the amplitude measures how much something vibrates, and the pitch shows how high or low the music can be perceived. Sources: MacBook Air Speaker 3.7V Speaker Headphones Frequencies Using Various Sources of Music Production: Example calculation of average media frequency: (70.5+68.5+66.9+68.9+73.1+71.8)/2=69.95 dB Table 1- Genre Source Media Frequencies Average Frequency (dB) Rock MacBook Air Speaker 70.5, 68.5, 66.9, 68.9, 73.1, 71.8 69.95 Rap MacBook Air Speaker 64.5, 73.7, 65.6, 69.8, 70.6, 72.1 69.38 Pop MacBook Air Speaker 63.9, 68.1, 68.8, 61.7, 70.3, 66.1 66.48 Classical MacBook Air Speaker 53.6, 55.8, 47.9, 46.1, 45.2, 44.3 48.82 Table

Marketing Plan For A Product Concept - 1940 Words

Marketing plan Product Product concept The Total product concept refers to the bundle of services offered by a product/service. For example Healthy happy foody total product can be explained as all the benefits customers receive by using the product, from service of providing food to fresh and healthy options to eat. Total product concept is used by the customers when evaluating the products among different business and they distinguish benefits and go for the product which provides them with best value for the money paid (Elliot, Rundle-Thiele Waller 2012, p.216). Due this reason, businesses use total product concept to differentiate their products from competitors and create a unique position for them in the market. The total product concept can be analysed using four levels Core product, Expected product, augmented product and Potential product. Product differentiation When thinking about the food industry, one must understand that there is a wide variety of products are offered. Different companies provide different products to different markets. Whether they use psychographic, demographic or geographic segmentation to divide these markets, they try to make their product more appealing than those of similar restaurants. Restaurants differentiate themselves first through their dining experience. Quick service restraurants such as KFC, McDonald’s etc, will typically offer unhealthier, lower quality food, and, according toShow MoreRelatedExplain The 4 Ps Of Marketing1194 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Marketing is the process where goods and services move from concept to the customer. It includes the coordination of four elements called the 4 P s of marketing. These 4 P’s include product, price, place and promotion. Marketing Objectives Marketing objectives are the group of targets set by a business when promoting its products/services to potential customer that should be achieved within a given amount of time. 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Impact of Changing Population Profile in Australia on Health

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Changing Population Profile in Australia on Health Care System. Answer: Introduction This essay focuses on the changing population profile of the world and Australia in specific, the effect of this on the healthcare system as well as the challenges that the health care faces. Australia has an aging population, and it is projected to increase by 25% as at 2150. Aforementioned has led to long life and thus high life expectancy for Australians. The main reasons for having increased aging population is due to reduced fertility levels. There are strains to maintain safe and affordable health services among other challenges. However, the government has put measures to reduce the pressure such as partnering with companies in industries such as technology, wellness, and fitness. Overview of Healthcare in Australia Population profile refers to a chart showing population distribution as a function of their age or sex. Population around the world is increasing yearly. A study by PRB shows Population will continue to grow. The projected increase by 2050 is by 33% i.e. from estimated 7.4 Billion in 2016 to 9.9 Billion (ABS, 2015). "Despite the declines in fertility levels around the globe, population gains is expected to remain high to push us toward a world population of 10 billion," said Jeffrey Jordan, president, and CEO of PRB 2016. Whereas population is increasing the resources available to meet needs of the community are depleting. Global warming is the primary challenge in causing resources depletion. Thus, resources such as health care, food, and water, etc. are straining to meet needs of the growing population (United Nations, 2015). Changing Population Profile Community profile in Australia is increasingly changing; this is increase is a result of immigration from other continents, and also the life expectancy levels are very high. The birth rates are way higher than the death rates. As it may 2017 it was estimated to be 24 billion, and by 2030 it is likely to reach 28billion; with a population density of 3.2persons per km2. The growth rate is at 1.01%as at June 2016 (ABS, 2016). The median age here is 38, and relatively significant proportion of the population is of aged people, which is well continually increasing. 65years and above has added from 11.1% in 1990 to 13.6% in 2010. Estimates are that the ratio will increase to 16% by 2016 and 25% by 2051. It has an aging population. The healthcare system in Australia is among the cheapest thus affordable in the world. The Department of health and aging ensures good health for Australians and services like the aged and community care services, disability programs, public health initiative, pharmaceutical benefits among others are affordable. There is both public health sector that is funded by the federal government and the private sector partly funded by 2% Medicare levy (Gary et al., 2012). Impact of population profile changes on health care system The demographic shift has intensified pressure on health systems, and there are new demands in the health care sector. There are increased expenditures on healthcare, and higher costs spent on older people. Like discussed above, the Australian population is an aging population of 65 years and older. The age bracket is highly prone to cardiovascular diseases. The condition is likely to put an unbearable increased cost in the health sector (PRP, 2016). The cost used in the ageing population is four times that used on other parts of society. Estimates are that aging population will result in almost 50% of the addition in healthcare costs between 2002/03 and 2044/45 (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). There is a high need to partner with new market entrants. That is to help in financing and delivering health care services. Partners in industries such as technology, fitness, and well-being will ensure health system expands and reshape. Also, the accessibility of technologies that is beneficial to the health sector will ease up. Mobile health gives cost-effective health solutions. The rising middle class will result in increased demands for health options. It is, therefore, more likely to have the private and public sectors collaborating to meet the needs with no strains. Eventually, more innovations are required to address the needs. The government is taking part in helping the citizens make better life choices, for example what to eat, how to exercise' this ensures that they are healthier at old age consequently reducing the burden of some chronic diseases that comes with old age, especially. Also improve health by reducing obesity cases, early rehabilitation of drug user and maintain quality and affordable health services. In future, the government wishes to reduce disabilities issue as well. They disabled to contribute to the strain of health expenses, hence mitigating this reduce costs burdens too. Again, improving the provision of health and aged care services whereby Commonwealth is planning to increase the numbers of qualified and registered nurses and care workers. Aforementioned is because as seen above, age comes with multiple health issues. Major challenges facing the health care system Like any other developed country, Australia is facing challenges in the health sector. They include demographic changes that come with changes in disease patterns. That has led to strained budget with the highest allocation going to health sectors. However, the government is subsidizing the private health care with expectations that the top income earner swill opts for private hospitals (Bruce et al., 2007). There is a high cost of new technology. Some of the therapeutic and diagnostic advances like radiology scanners come with a price even if it helps in the management of some diseases. Therefore with the attempt to improve health care services comes the budgetary constraint. Finding cost effective technology is, however, a challenge (Consumer Health Forum of Australia, 2007). The supply and distribution of health workforce are low. There is a general shortage of health practitioners this has caused them diminish their willingness to work extended hours due to fatigue and need to balance work and family life. There is the issue of equity and healthy inequalities. Here is whereby, in spite of the massive improvement in health, it is not shared equally among all groups. Example, women are doing better than men, city dwellers are doing better than others. The inequality is likely to cause deeper rifts in the society. Also, there is a difference in the health care received by the affluent as compared to that to the lesser wealthy (Breyer et al., 2010). There is a rapid growth in global population has led to increased urbanization. Australia has the most urbanized city in the globe. It has caused a challenge n the planning of healthy and sustainable communities e.g. suicide rates have increased. Finally the issue of modernity paradox, there is a decrease in mortality rates of children. They are not as healthy as they initially were because they have low birth rates, are more prone to obesity and diabetes and other allergies such as asthma. Babies living in the low socioeconomic group are at high risk, and this is a challenge to health. The relevance of registered nurse in the study RNs are the primary experts in providing support for older people with complex needs. They usually undergo training to help them execute this role. Therefore with the changing population profile and increasing challenges, there is a need to increase the number of RNs. That ensures that all aging population gets the access to a health care practitioner. Again, with changes in technology, there is a need for new training. Aforementioned is due to the changing roles of nurses. Over the past decades, the responsibilities have changed entirely. Therefore the rising expenses in health sector are due to the training costs are given to the existing RNs as well as to the incoming ones, therefore in as much RN are an economic benefit to society they contribute to increased costs. Conclusion In conclusion, there is a great impact on health sector as a result of population profile in Australia. The change is mainly because the population aged 65 years and above is increasing. Age comes with certain chronic diseases and to mitigate the conditions there are cost burdens on health expenditures: expenses to not only acquire RNs and other medical practitioners but also to advance with technology and acquire equipment for therapy and radio activities. There are measures put in place to prevent future impacts such as sensitizing citizens to lead a healthy life with healthy lifestyle choices that can help reduce the burden of old age disease. Again there is an attempt to ensure equal benefits for health across all socioeconomic groups. References ABS (2015). Population by age and sex, regions of Australia, 2014. ABS cat. no 3235.0. Canberra: ABS. ABS (2016). Migration, Australia, 201415. ABS cat. no. 3412.0. Canberra: ABS. Ageing, Australian Government Department of Health (2011). "Extended Medicare Safety Net Review of Capping Arrangements Report Australian Bureau of Statistics (2013). Population projections, Australia, 2012 (base) to ABS cat. no. 3222.0. Canberra: ABS. Breyer, F., Costa-Font, J., Felder S. (2010). Ageing, health, and health care. Oxf Rev Econ Policy, 26 (4): 674-690. Bruce, K., Armstrong, et al. (2007) Challenges in health and health care for Australia retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2007/187/9/challenges-health-and-health-care-australia on 5 May 2017 Consumer Health Forum of Australia (2007) Current and future health challenges https://ourhealth.org.au/rep-support/australias-health-system/current-and-future-health-challenges#.WQxJ-HtTrIU Gary, L. Freed, et al. (2012) Psychological strategies retrieved from PRP (2016 ) World Population Data Sheet retrieved from https://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2016/2016-world-population-data-sheet.aspx on 5 May 2017 PRP (2016) World Population Data Sheet retrieved from https://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2016/2016-world-population-data-sheet.aspx on 5 May 2017 United Nations, (2015). World population ageing: profiles of ageing 2015. New York: UN.

The Motherhood Essay Research Paper THE MOTHERHOODI free essay sample

The Motherhood Essay, Research Paper THE MOTHERHOOD I have read the two dramas, # 8220 ; The Glass Manegerie # 8221 ; by Tennessee Williams and # 8220 ; A Raisin in the Sun # 8221 ; by Lorraine Hansberry, both of have a large impact on me. The two dramas circle around the household values that convey the character of maternity where female parents have to hold a duty to raise, to supply their best and to give for their kids. In these two dramas, even showing otherwise, female parents all show love to their kids ; they all want their kids to hold a happy life. Somehow, each female parent treats their kids different manner, but they have merely one intent: to demo love to their kids. As I experience throughout the two dramas: Amanda, Tom and Laura in # 8220 ; The Glass menagerie # 8221 ; , and Mrs. Younger, Walter Younger and Beneatha Younger in # 8220 ; A Raisin in The Sun # 8221 ; , I see there are differences and similarities between female parents and their kids. We will write a custom essay sample on The Motherhood Essay Research Paper THE MOTHERHOODI or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Introducing foremost, Amanda Winged, a in-between age Southerner is the female parent of Tom and Tom # 8217 ; s younger sister Laura in the # 8220 ; The Glass menagerie # 8221 ; . Most of us are familiar with the term of God born adult females to love their kids, since Amanda is a adult female. Unfortunately she does non handle her kids the manner female parents suppose to. I understand Amanda, she is a consecutive old-traditional, and merely desire her kids to be what she desire. Tom and Laura do non hold a pick ; they have suffered from their female parent and become victims. Amanda has thought that her kids will be all right at the manner she plans but it turns out to be non. Since she is wholly dependent on Tom for fiscal security alternatively of working to back up Tom. On top of that, she is passing excessively much clip to reminiscing about her yesteryear, and remembering herself of how many gentlemen behind her when she was immature. She is non realistic. In add-on, she ha rasses Tom about traveling to the films every dark, makes him experience guilty at all clip and takes advantage of Tom to maintain him making her occupations. Because she knows that Tom is non a strong adult male. In another word to state, Amanda is selfish and dissembler. In return, Mrs. Young is a fantastic female parent ; she has suffered and sacrificed for her kids. She ever explains and lesson to her kids alternatively of doing them experience guilty. The Young household starts running into jobs when Mrs. Young ( Mama ) receives about 10s thousand dollars from life insurance of her hubby. With a hapless household likes Young, 10 thousand dollars is truly a dream, it is a immense sum of money that they could neer acquire for all of their life. The kids start contending over the money ; every one has his/her ain ground to utilize that money. Mama must calculate out how to maintain the household in peace and together. Mama deeply believes in God and lives her life in # 8220 ; cultural and cultural pride # 8221 ; . She normally negotiations about how her coevals has won its freedom and proud to be able no longer be slaves. At the terminal of the drama, even she failed to convert Walter non to set the money in the spirits shop but she made her commit men T, she has what she has fought for all of her life, her household now all together in love, felicity and forgiveness. Tom, a boy of Amanda, a poet, with no anchor gets a occupation in a warehouse and does non hold any program for his calling. He is trapped by his female parent and has suffered from that. However, Tom is funny about how he takes attention of the household, particularly his younger sister. Recently, Tom gives up non because of his ability but because of his lovely female parent # 8217 ; s demands. He tries to acquire away with it by passing clip to travel to the films every dark. I feel so regretful for Tom ; he is no strong plenty to confront with his female parent to decide his household # 8217 ; s jobs. On the other manus, Walter Young, a boy of Mama, has a large aspiration going affluent after seeing the 10 thousand dollars look into comes into Mama # 8217 ; s manus. Walter is really a operator and has no regard from his household. His dream is to have a spirits shop and to gain a batch of money so his boy will be able to travel to college. More than that, Walter know this is the lone opportunity he can reconstruct his regard and his self-esteem, but a game of going wealthy without ability is the folly comes with it. Unfortunately Walter is cheated by his friends and he lost all the money comes from Mama merely because he is excessively trustful and out of touch. However, Walter # 8217 ; s neglect redeems a valuable lesson for him. He accomplishes what Mama has told him earlier but he neer listens. A secondary chief character in # 8220 ; The Glass Menagerie # 8221 ; who every reader has to be regretful for her is Laura, girl of Amanda Winged. She is sort of an interior individual who is ever put in fresh and reasonably for gentlemen companies. Even she tries several clip to take part in the universe out side but she failed because of her breakability. On top of that, a handicapped individual is frequently in lower status composite ; therefore she merely is passing her clip in the universe of glass menagerie at place and maintaining out of her head of what Amanda terrors about her hereafter. Unlike Laura, Beneatha Younger, girl of Mama in # 8220 ; A Raisin in the Sun # 8221 ; , is a strong miss and really # 8220 ; intellectually proud # 8221 ; with everyone she comes into contact with and dreams of a medical-school. For case, when she talks to her female parent about Joseph Asagai she speaks down to her ma who treats her like a small kid. She feels school and larning her h eritage to Africa is the most of import thing in her life. The following manner Beneatha # 8217 ; s pride gets in the manner of esteeming her female parent # 8217 ; s intelligence is when she asks her ma non to # 8220 ; inquire any nescient inquiries about Africa # 8230 ; # 8221 ; This abuses Mama while doing Beneatha look knowing and grandiloquent. After all, even merely for one intent, the love, mother have to make every thing for their kids. Mothers need to happen the pride to do the households stay together, that is a strongest bond. From the two dramas I learn that, household values are the most of import for one # 8217 ; s life, because it is how a adult male goon is built from. Mothers are the 1s who give us the roots and plume to be work forces.

Advertisement Examples 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial Teaser

The Bark Side: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial Teaser can be discussed as a bad example of the advertisement which is broadcasted with the help of such social medium as the video-sharing website YouTube. The advertisement was presented for the first time on January 18, 2012 (The bark side: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day commercial teaser 2012).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Advertisement Examples: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial Teaser specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main task of this commercial teaser was to draw the public’s attention to the further full version of the advertisement associated with Super Bowl and 2012 Volkswagen Game Day. Thus, the target audience of the commercial teaser was the persons interested in the Super Bowl and in products connected with Volkswagen brand. The effectiveness of the commercial teaser can be analysed with references to AIDA model (Clow Baack 2002). The fi rst factor is attention. To attract the audience, it is necessary to grab its attention with definite details, unique design, or ideas. The commercial teaser attracts the audience’s attention because of associations with the last year Volkswagen campaign based on the usage of Star Wars’ theme. The next step is to stimulate the audience’s interest in the product or service with providing more information about the product’s benefits. However, the public has no opportunities to develop the interest based on the information about the advantages of the promoted thing because of the lack of the necessary material in the commercial teaser. Moreover, the audience’s interest is not supported with the help of teaser because there is no information about the brand in the beginning of the advertisement. The idea of featuring 12 dogs barking the Imperial March which is associated with Star Wars and the first campaigns of Volkswagen is not effective for stimula ting the audience’s desire to see Super Bowl or pay attention to Volkswagen brand. Thus, the target audience of the commercial teaser becomes too limited and there are no guarantees that public’s interest will result in action as the most significant factor of AIDA model (Dahlen, Lange, Smith 2009; Egan 2007). The Dog Strikes Back: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial is the full version of the advertisement the main message of which is to promote Super Bowl and 2012 Volkswagen Beetle. This commercial was presented on YouTube on January 30, 2012 as the continuation of the teaser presented earlier (The dog strikes back: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day commercial 2012). The target audience of the advertisement is the public interested in Super Bowl and Volkswagen brand’s products.Advertising Looking for report on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Dog Strikes Back: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial can be discussed as a good example of the advertisement in relation to AIDA model. Thus, the advertisement attracts the audience’s attention demonstrating the dog which tries to get into shape under the impact of observing 2012 Volkswagen Beetle. The developed plot helps to grab the audience’s attention and fix it on the advertisement (Young 2010). The interest to the advertisement is evoked with references to the unexpected changing of the plot with references to Star Wars’ theme. Moreover, people have the opportunity to concentrate on the presentation of Volkswagen Beetle’s benefits. The audience’s desire to satisfy their interest in Super Bowl and Volkswagen Game Day is stimulated with the help of presenting the commercial’s theme â€Å"Back. And better than ever† (The dog strikes back: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day commercial 2012). It is also possible to speak about the connection between the consumers’ desire to examine the Be etle according to the features accentuated in the advertisement and their further action in relation to the product. Reference List Clow, KE Baack, D 2002, Integrated advertising, promotion, and marketing communications, Prentice Hall, USA. Dahlen, M, Lange, F, Smith, T 2009, Marketing communications: a brand narrative approach, Wiley, USA. Egan, J 2007, Marketing communications, Thomson Learning, USA. The bark side: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day commercial teaser 2012. Web.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Advertisement Examples: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial Teaser specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The dog strikes back: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day commercial 2012. Web. Young, A 2010, Brand media strategy: integrated communications planning in the digital era, Palgrave Macmillan, USA. This report on Advertisement Examples: 2012 Volkswagen Game Day Commercial Teaser was written and submitted by user PrinceofOrphans to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

What are the causes and implications of the Israeli and Pale essays

What are the causes and implications of the Israeli and Pale essays The cause of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict is the agenda of Zionism claiming ancient land rights as the basis for the movement established in 1897. The implications of this policy cause the central grievance of the Palestinian people, their oppression and displacement at the hands of Jewish immigration and migrations. The establishment of the state of Israel after the second world war by the United Nations has seen this oppression of the Palestian people intensified as Israeli expansionism continues to the present. The role of the US in the Israeli/Palestinian issue has consistently supported Israel and needs to be amended if peace is to be achieved. The history of the Israeli and Palestinian struggle extends from biblical times and is now one of the most enduring and explosive of all the worlds conflicts . The land that now encompasses Israel and Palestine has been conquered and re-conquered throughout history. The Zionist Israeli claim extends back to 1250BC when the Israelites first began to conquer and settle the land of Canaan (Palestine) on the eastern Mediterranean coast after Moses had led his people out of Egypt . Until this time the Jewish people had no land and had wandered the desert for forty years in search of the promised land (as told by the old testament). Exodus 15:14-16, states that [t]he people shall hear and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestinia(14), till trembling shall take hold upon them; [and] all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away(15). Zionists claim that Jews have the right to posses all land between the Nile and the Eurphrates because of the historical Old T estament claims according to Genesis 15:18 . If ancient claims are the basis of Israeli occupation- the Palestinians would have the greater claim due to their own length of history. The Canaanites, the People of Palestine, could count...

How the ASUS Company Can Continue To Be an Industry Leader and a Cash Research Paper

How the ASUS Company Can Continue To Be an Industry Leader and a Cash Cow - Research Paper Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the primary strength of ASUS is its strong presence in the market. It could be realized from the fact that it is the world’s number one brand in Asia, US, and Europe. It has outperformed technology giants like Intel, IBS, and Microsoft in many segments. Its strong presence in the market has helped it to aggressively acquire market share compared to many other companies that only have a strong presence in their local markets. The company has the largest market share in MB and motherboard segments selling approximately 22 million pieces in FY09. ASUS is one of the rear technology companies that had made operating profits even though global economy was undergoing a recession. Another Strength of ASUS is its advanced and excellent Research & Development capability, efficient and effective supply chain, and mass production at a competitive production cost. These competitive strategies of ASUS have helped it to beco me a market leader in many products. In 2009, the company came up with first of its kind notebook and motherboard that was compatible with USB 3.0 securing a leading position in the segment. This was a sheer display of Research initiatives of the company. With the use of technologies like e-commerce, the company had created an efficient supply chain which helps it with a seamless flow of information and products among resources. Mass production done by ASUS helps it achieve economies of scale thereby increasing operating profits of the company. Weakness The primary weakness of the company is that it is investing a lot of amounts in restructure activities involving spin-off of certain subsidiaries and disposal of assets. It could be realized from the fact that it spin-off OEM and 2008 and has disposed of several assets since then. In the same year company also recognized impairment charges from such transactions. These activities may be beneficial in the long wrong if executed correc tly but they reduce profit-making capability of the company. The company should concentrate more on the activities involving expansion and research for innovative technologies. Another Weakness of ASUS is its low market share in emerging economies. To be a cash cow for the future every technology company should be in search for opportunities in the emerging markets as they give the advantage of escalated growth compared to developed markets where growth stagnates after a point of time. It should be noted that ASUS has a low presence in emerging economies e.g. India whilst many other companies like Microsoft and IBM are aggressively gaining market share in these countries. To retain market capitalization ASUS needs to expand its operations aggressively to emerging countries. Opportunities Primary opportunity for ASUS is expanding into markets with the help of joint ventures, tie-up, and agreement with other companies.

Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anthropology - Essay Example ma’s speech during the Democratic National Convention coupled with specific examples that relate to respective discursive Strategies as seen in the speech. Indeed, in his speech, Obama clearly applies at least two of this Discursive Strategies. In his speech, Obama uses the â€Å"narratives of belonging† strategy to construct â€Å"existential coherence.† Duranti presents this strategy as part of personal experiences that the political speaker possesses. Duranti establishes the fact that these experiences connect the speaker emotionally and morally to the present place and audience. This strategy shows that the political speaker is an ordinary citizen and will thus represent the audience ideally once elected. In his speech, Obama used the â€Å"narratives of belonging† strategy in various occasions. ... I have shared the pain of families who've lost their homes, and the frustration of workers who have lost their jobs.† (Fox News Web). As such, the use of this strategy clearly helps Obama to identify with the Americans, denotes his experience in handling national issues, and thereby convinces the audience that he will ideally represent them once reelected as the US President. Duranti consequently defines â€Å"the [use of] the present as a ‘natural extension’ of the past† strategy to construct â€Å"existential coherence† as a relation between present decision and experience. In various occasions during his speech, Obama demonstrated the use of this strategy. Indeed, he quotes that, â€Å"You know, in a world of new threats and new challenges, you can choose leadership that has been tested and proven. Four years ago, I promised to end the war in Iraq. We did.† He equally reminds the audience that, â€Å"I promised to refocus on the terrorists who actually attacked us on 9/11. And we have.† This experience gives him an edge over his political competitor. It clearly proves that he can deliver and out of his past successes, he is convinced to vie for the second time. He notes that he was able to kill Osama Bin Laden and thus presently focusses on defeating Al Qaeda and ending the Afghanistan war by 2014 once reelected (Fox News Web). As such, his experience drives his present decision to seek reelection with a goal of completing his mission. This generates a lot of conviction from the audience as it applauds Obama’s experience. In addition, he quotes that, â€Å"Now, I've cut taxes for those who need it, middle-class families, small businesses.† It

Global Enterprise and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Global Enterprise and Innovation - Essay Example The world has witnessed major changes in the global marketplace since the 1980s (Chai 1998). Liberalisation of capital markets and world trade encouraged by globalisation has produced a new competitive field for all businesses. With the development towards more interdependence among countries, a number of adjustments in the business setting have appeared. There has been an appearance of international markets for financial investment, labour, products, and services. The demands of consumers all over the world have met. Growing liberalisation of trade and investment promoted by developments in communication and transportation technologies has led to even more global business transactions. These developments have resulted in two major impacts of globalisation, namely, (1) global market opportunities, and (2) global market threats. It is clear that the process of globalisation not just provides more opportunities to business organisations, but greater degree of threats as well. Although opportunities can be created by globalisation, instability and competition are unavoidable. Even though largely cited in earlier literature, studies connecting these influences to business performance remain limited. This requires more research on the relationships between globalisation and firm performance. These two areas will be discussed in relation to international business activities in China. The Impact of Legal and Political Environment of China on Business Activities Because economic change started in 1978, the Chinese government has intentionally initiated commercial and legal reforms in order to exploit the economic interest of China, both locally and internationally (Guthrie 2008). Loosening of regulations on foreign direct investment (FDI), changing State ownership and economic liberalisation in general are just practical instruments. The government views the free market as a way to achieve its goals, not as an ideological tool (Wei & Xiaming 2001). The policies will tr ansform whenever it is believed that it is important to do so. The Chinese government is acting in harmony with Confucianism; laissez-faire capitalism is applied to create wealth (Wei & Xiaming 2001), but it is the state’s duty to make sure that the produced wealth is spent for the most needed goals. New policies on FDI are proclaimed almost every year and smaller regulatory reforms more frequently than that. The 1990s also witnessed the start of a development towards power devolution to local and regional governments (Xiaojuan 2003). Hence, one of the most important rules of dealing with the Chinese government is to acknowledge that various departments at various levels could have the right to meddle with business activities. And, they could each be operating towards completely distinct objectives. The Chinese government has major powers. It can turn down future projects, and it can remove permits from current ones. In 1996, on a single day, the Tianjin government remove per mits for numerous joint ventures, because of conflicts between partners and/or problem with productivity (Ambler & Witzel 2003). Government also has major influence. As different from power, this implies that the Chinese gover

Managing Change At Procter And Gamble Commerce Essay

Managing Change At Procter And Gamble Commerce Essay The world of business is facing different changes in the environment which create opportunities and threats. As a result, businesses make changes in different processes that are related to work place more abruptly and often compare before. This is because these changes can influence the speed and quality of the performance of companies including: acquisitions, merging, innovation, restructuring and downsizing which can result to the growth of climate of uncertainty (FEAP n.d.). Currently, the business world is facing different changes that are related to technology, regulation and competition and economic condition which affect the perceptions and behavior of the customers and other stakeholders of the company. Due to this, change is considered as inevitable in the world of business, because change constitute growth and development. According to Peter Drucker, any change in any organizational culture and management is considered as normal and healthy (cited in Dulebohn 2006, p. 37). It will be impossible for any business to grow and improve without improving any changes in order to cope with the changes happenings in the environment its operating. Any change to be done inside and outside the organization can help the entire organization to adjust to the current situation of the market and industry, by improving and adjusting the culture and other important internal aspects of the organization. Therefore, it is important to consider that change is the most important decision of the top level management of different companies; however, it is one of the most taken for granted aspect of management, particularly regarding the issue of lack of involvement. This paper will focus on implementation of change in Procter and Gamble (PG). PG offers branded products of superior quality and value in order to improve the lives of the consumers from different parts of the globe. This results in: leadership sales, profits as well as value creation, which allow all the stakeholders to prosper (PG UK 2010). Currently, the company markets more than 300 branded products and operating in more than 80 countries and employs about 140,000 people (PG UK 2010). The business started when William Procter and James Gamble started their business of making and selling soap and candles separately on April 12, 1837. In August 22 of the same year, the two decided to formalize their business relationship by pledging $3, 3596.47 in Cincinnati, Ohio and signed in October 31. The initial foray of PG into branding was The Moon and Stars, a trademark that have appeared on all products of the company starting early 1860s (PG UK 2010). As a result of this effort and the unyielding commitment of the company to strengthen the brand, widening portfolio and delivering high level of customer service, PG ranked 10th in the Fortunes Most Admired Companies in 2007 and hailed as the 23rd largest company by US revenue and 14th largest in terms of profit. Because of the dominance and leadership of PG in different consumer product categories, it is important for the company to focus on the improvement to be done in its overall operation. The company focuses on adopting new changes and seizes new opportunities that the company created. This paper will focus on analyzing the new technology to be applied in PG that will help to improve its current operation and performance. Background to Change Background of Change One of the important characteristics of PG and the reason behind the success of the company is its ability to cope with change. The company focuses on adopting different changes that will help to improve its performance. If needed, the company is willing to unlearn habits as well as assumptions that were rapidly becoming obsolete and challenge traditional skills as well as strengths. Based on this, change is the term that equates with PG and it happens in major events, such as technological innovations inside the company. One of the major technological movements of the company is the concept of Enterprise Content Management (ECM) in 2003. This enables the company to implement content spread across different applications. The result is the integration from back-end system into the more appropriate application of choice. It also enables the company to move from unstructured to structured content management and have been applied to the internal stakeholders to enable information life cycle management. This had helped in order to create, store, retrieve and distribute information that lead to trimmed cost and improved collaboration. However, this system created some problems or threats that might affect the operation of the company. There is a need to tap virtual working opportunities, at the same time, reduce the workload because of web-based space and chargeback reports. Therefore, it is important to implement smarter working practices and focuses on the need for a fully integrated web-based facilities management environment. This action is connected to the goal and mission of the company to use innovative technologies that will help PG to work smarter, faster and more efficiently. Therefore, based on this, it is important to implement new system that will help in order to fully integrate the operation of PG in the UK, as well as other parts of the world. This is important because it can help in order to lessen the effort that must be exerted by the employees in terms of managing the system, at the same time, it can help in order to fully integrate the system that will handle the data of different departments and units of PG UK, which will help in order to improve the decision-making process. Strengths and Weaknesses of PG In connection with the current problem of the company, and the proposed change, it is important to focus on the strengths and weaknesses of PG. One of the strength of PG focuses on its ability to handle change. This pertains on the different activities of the company regarding researchers and development. One of the main activities in the company is researching regarding the changes that are going on in the environment, which the company believes that could offer threats and opportunities. Due to this, it can be said that being open to change is strength for PG because of its willingness to adopt development and improvement. Furthermore, the company also has a strong relationship and connection with other IT organizations which enables the company to have connections with those companies that are informed and skilled in this aspect. With the connection and the willingness to learn and change, the company will have edge in the said aspect. On the other hand, the weakness of the company will focus on the ability of the employees of the company to use the fully integrated system. This will be a problem because the perceptions of the employees towards a system are important factor that will affect their individual performance, thus the overall performance of the company. Organizational Development Organization development (OD) is a powerful set of concepts and techniques in order to improve the effectiveness and individual well-being of an organization (Friday 2003, p. 2). In the case of PG, the application of new technology, online workspace system, it can offer different development and improvement for the company. This can help in order to build up an inventory of applications that will deliver information for the entire business units in the UK as well as other parts of the globe, which will help in order for the information to be available as the services through the portal. With this, the employees as well as managers will be able to reuse systems and codes from other parts of the business including purchasing, marketing, logistics, manufacturing and other parts of the company. Furthermore, it can also offer a security module which will help in order to protect information, at the same time, offer service platform that will facilitate data from different sources that can be accessed when needed. Overall, it can help in order to improve and maintain decision-making, at the same time, increasing the access of the internal and external stakeholders to knowledge and information (Mari 2008). Systems for Process of Change Systems of Change The nature of change program falls under three important categories, including continuous improvement, knowledge management and management by objectives. The continuous improvement placed its focus on the improvement of the satisfaction of the customers by implementing continuous and incremental improvements to processes. This focuses on offering workers with flexible data access, particularly regarding the ongoing management of web content. On the other hand, knowledge management pertains on the collection and management of critical knowledge for the purpose of increasing the capacity in order to achieve results. With the help of the program, the application of computer technology can help to wider the audience and connection with the stakeholders. Above all, the ongoing tracking and feedbacks can help in order to motivate PG to reach its objectives by way of employee and consumer inputs. This change will focus on satisfying the end-users and develop products that are innovative, which will help to improve the lives of the consumers and the employees of the company. Three important strategies will be implemented in order to capture the end-users requirements and build new products in meeting those requirements. The first two are interactive, which pertains to: living it and working it, while the third pertains on the innovation labs. The innovation labs focus on the needs that are not articulated in direct manner. Aside from these, the corporate portal will also focus on implementing personalized website which will mainly focus on individual websites of each and every products of the company. This will focus on refurbishing the website, introducing new workspace standards, flexible hot desks for workers who occasionally work at home and additional meeting and huddle rooms. With this, different physical and structural aspect of the company will be changed. The structure of the organization will be changed in a way that managers and employees will be trained and coached with accordance to the new system. Furthermore, it will also focus on the improvement and changing the overall standards, rules and procedures being implemented inside the company. This is because it can help in order to ensure that everything is based on the mission, vision and goal of the company. Evaluation Assessment and evaluation is important in any change or any actions or strategies to be implemented in an organization. This is because, it can help in order to ensure and maintain that the planned outcome of the program is the exact result, at the same time, ensure that the company acquires competitive advantage. It is important to focus on the main purposes of the program: management support, internal and external communication and program operation. These important factors will be the deciding factors in the evaluation process to know if the program is effective. With this, it is important to implement intensive communication between the different levels of management. It is vital to maintain formal and informal communication via reporting in order to know the status of each and every changes being implemented inside the organization. In the end, evaluation of the impact of the system to the organization will be evaluate by asking the employees about the result of the system and i ts advantages and advantages in their current works and roles, at the same time, focuses on the overall performance of the company via the financial and other resources matters. Models of Implementation Commonly, business leaders considered IT to be costly; however, it is important for PG to focus on becoming and continuing to be innovation leader, particularly in the UK. Therefore, it is important to unite the IT aspect of the company with its core business services as the core strategy. With this change, it will help to drive shared services across business process with the ongoing commitment in order to maintain the top-to-bottom focus regarding the mission. In the entire change process, the eight-stage process by Kotter (1996). 1. Establishing a sense of urgency it is important to overcome complacency. This can be done by creating a strong reason why change is needed. The current implementation of IT in PG created several problems and threats which include duplication and inefficiency. As a result, there is a need to implement new IT platform which will help the company to integrate its current business applications and processes. Thus, the new system will help to focus on scalability, flexibility and easy-to-use system which will help to handle different processes and flow of information and data inside the organization. 2. Creating the guiding coalition it is vital to build a team with the right composition of power, level of trust and shared objectives in order to lead the change. In the case of the PG UK, the guided coalition will be from Cincinnati headquarter by Passerni. This is because the said guiding coalition must conform to the international operation of the company. Thus, in the continuing effort of the company to leverage scale as a global business while retaining the local touch, PG will focus on transforming its global strategic thinkers with aggressive entrepreneurial spirit, with the influence of the improving IT capabilities and skills. Thus, the company will focus on the three important structural drivers including: global organization, holistic thinking across the business process; organizations and technologies; and growth of partnership with HP, IBM and other important IT companies. 3. Developing a vision and strategy this pertains on the clarification of direction, motivating people and helping coordination. The premise focused on how new technologies must find its purpose on delivering the product of PG in the market. Through this process, PG will continue to be the entrepreneurial thinker where in innovative ways that are related on improving the current products and services being offered to the current market and target market. With this, it can help in order for the company to maintain its position in the UK market, at the same time, ensure that continuous innovation and development will be done. 4. Communicating the change vision understanding is vital in any change management, because it can affect the overall change implementation. The actors of this change are the members of the enterprise architecture unit at PG. In order to gain the 100% employee buy-in, it is important that the bulk of ideas will be generated from different sources from the top IT providers to the employee who work on shop floor. This will cause 10% to 15% jobs changes and structural changes. Communication strategies to be implemented are downward and horizontal communication (Guffrey n.d.). Downward communication refers to communications from superior to those who report to them. These may be used in order to communicate about job instructions, job rationale, procedures and practices, performance feedback and company missions. On the other hand, the horizontal communication consists of message between colleagues at the same level of organization (CMR Institute 2006). Overall, the information will flo w from decision-makers and will be shared between lateral channels (Guffrey n.d.). 5. Empowering employees for broad based action this stage will focus on eliminating barriers and time constraints. The team approach gets hold of the willingness of each and every employee for the implementation of the online workspace system. This will help in order to empower the employees for broad-based action. It is vital to focus on creating sense of involvement to the employees, at the same time implement self-directed work teams in order to meet their objectives of adapting to the online workspace systems. The company will focus on implementing different training and development programs that will help to coach and train the employees to be familiar with the new system. 6. Generating short terms wins it is important to stay on the course as major change will take long time. The said change is an indication that the top management of the company must focus on the strategic actions that focus on the total business perspective and not just focus towards the product or the employee. It is vital to focus on the organizational process, decision making and innovation with connection on the IT strategy and the business needs in order to generate short term wins. 7. Consolidate gains and produce more change using short term wins, with this change, the company can focus on international change, particularly in the sense of the geographically dispersed business units, it is important to focus on the development of the organization, global business service as well as corporate functions into a single, cohesive collaboration. 8. Anchor the new culture it is important to innovate and change in continuous manner in order to firmly ground the operating style. It will pertain on the multi-layer content management architecture, at the same time, leverage open standards consolidating the gains. The paradigm shift was from being technologies-thinking into solution-thinking. Conclusion and Recommendation Change is inevitable, particularly in the world of business. Change can cause both positive and negative results for any company. First, change means growth and improvement, thus it can help companies to focus on the different threats and opportunities which can be implemented and prevented inside the organization in order to ensure success and maintain position in the market and industry. On the other hand, change can also cause negative results for any company, particularly in the aspect of management. It can cause huge amount to be spent, at the same time great effort to be exerted in order to ensure that the change will not affect the behavior and attitudes of the employees and other important stakeholders towards the company. In the case of PG, it is important for the company to focus on improving its IT, because it can help to maintain competitive advantage by ensuring that information flow is properly manage, at the same time, ensure that all the stakeholders in the company are properly connected in the decision-making process. With this, it is vital for PG to focus on the different aspects that are related with the change management, including theories and practices.

Theory Critique – Anderson

Anderson Anonymous Graduate Student Liberty University In what proves to be a compelling presentation of the Journey to spiritual freedom, Dry. Neil T. Anderson (2000) presents his theory of how one may be liberated from negative thoughts, irrational feelings, and habitual sins in his book, The Bondage Breaker. Anderson (2000) suggests the cause of a majority of problems which are discussed within the walls of a counseling session may have roots in the supernatural. This critique will examine Andersen's theory of ways to combat the dark forces which cause spiritual conflict within the mind. Theory SummaryIn his clarification of the nature of psychological problems and mental illness, Anderson (2000) places a high emphasis on spiritual warfare; reminding the reader, â€Å"For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong holds† (2 Corinthians 10:4, KAVA). Anderson provides many examples of counsel whom he believes have succumbed to the deceptive tricks of Satan, explaining what may have been diagnosed as mental illness is actually spiritual oppression; or in cases of non-Christians, actual demon possession (Anderson, 2000). By drawing attention to scripture in Pall's letter to Timothy,Anderson illustrates his point: â€Å"But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons† (l Timothy 4:1, NASA). Thankfully, Anderson (2000) provides a detailed method of obtaining daily victory over the spiritual forces of darkness by outlining what Hawkins (2010) would refer to as a method of â€Å"discipleship counseling† – the seven steps to freedom in Christ. The freedom and protection which is afforded by the Christian is stressed, as well as the position of authority Christians have over the enemy.Freedom is accomplished by taking the first step of acknowledging one's dependence upon and affirming one' s identity in Christ and renouncing past or present involvement in any practice, teaching, or ritual which could be considered demonic or non-Christian in nature. Anderson (2000) further explains, not only is it important to renounce non-Christian activity, but also to recognize and renounce instances of idolatry. Additionally, forgiveness, submitting to higher authority, adopting a humble attitude, confession of sins, and finally breaking generational ruses is necessary.As every thought is taken captive and brought into alignment and obedience to Christ (I. E. II Corinthians 10:5), the deception which has caused one to live amidst shadows, shackled by the power of the enemy, may be traded for truth, grace, and a freedom in Christ (Anderson, 2000). Evaluation of Strengths and Weaknesses While readers of The Bondage Breaker may consider the handling of the subject matter controversial, depending upon their background and experience in things which occur in the spiritual realm, Anders on (2000) does well in his presentation of he influence Satan has on the thought processes of individuals.A great amount of focus is spent on encouraging readers to grasp the main objective of truly knowing their value or self-worth in Christ. Not letting one's guard down is imperative. Once the enemy is given a foothold into a person's life via a thought process, it can become overwhelmingly disabling to try to maintain a positive outlook (Anderson, 2000). In adopting the principles of The Bondage Breaker, the counselor becomes equipped to engage in spiritual warfare within the counseling arena (Anderson, 2000).Through the use of prayer, and â€Å"warfare theology' (Hawkins, 2010, slide 5), the appropriation of freedom may become a reality in the life of the counsel. Anderson (2000) references the scriptures throughout and is careful to confirm his writing with God's Word. As is it this author's opinion that God's Word is the final authority, comfort was taken in the fact Anderson was thorough in his scriptural references (Anderson, 2000). In addition, Andersen's (2000) explanation of demonic oppression was described in a way as to eliminate any sensationalism such as what may be arrayed in movies or books.Instead, Anderson presented the reality of Satin's tactics as being sly in his method of simply infiltrating peoples' thought processes. Stories shared were compelling in their ability to illustrate the workings of the enemy in that respect (Anderson, 2000). However, as compelling as most examples appeared, a weakness in Andersen's theory was that he placed much emphasis on what might be interpreted by some as â€Å"the devil made me do it† and not enough consideration that some psychological problems could be caused by environment or experiences Anderson, 2000).For example, a female client who presents with severe cognitive trauma over years of sexual abuse may not simply be suffering emotionally because of a thought introduced by the enemy, but ha s some tough issues with which to deal based on her experience. While is it true our thoughts are responsible for our natural state as evidenced by Proverbs 23:AAA: â€Å"For as he thinks within himself, so he is,† (NASA), credence must be given to what happens in the physical realm. In fact, in one of the most celebrated books of biblical literature, Job is tormented by Satan, not just in his thoughts, but physically and materially as well.Job suffered greatly. He found himself depressed, sitting in a pile of ashes. By no means was his depression a result of sin, as Job was called righteous (I. E. Ezekiel 14:14). Perhaps he was listening to the enemy's accusations, however, the catalyst for the depression were the events that Satan caused in his life. The wretched boils Job suffered were not a result of his inability to resist temptation, or reject the accusations of the enemy, as Anderson (2000) might have agreed, based on his presentation of other medical cases wrought his book.In comparison to the discussion Anderson (2000) presents regarding his client with multiple sclerosis, this author also lives with MS. While in complete agreement there are days when the disease process is made worse by thoughts induced by the enemy, the symptoms of the disease do not disappear simply because the thoughts the enemy incites are renounced. Andersen's (2000) description of relapsing-remitting MS or the type of MS where â€Å"symptoms which seem to come and go' (p. 4) are presented as being psychosomatic, or induced by the client's response to thoughts from the enemy. This author takes umbrage of Andersen's (2000) assessment and would expect a more careful understanding of the science behind the disease process in spite of his discussion of the Two-Tier Worldview in which he states â€Å"the spiritual world has no or little practical bearing on the natural world; we have practically excluded it from our understanding of reality' (p. 30). This brings up another w eakness: lack of empirical evidence for the theory.Andersen's (2000) theory may be extremely difficult to prove scientifically, therefore causing concern among the secular counselors who would be reluctant to purport any theory not backed by empirical evidence. While there is no question God is powerful enough to heal without the help of modern medicine, care should be taken not to negate the members of the medical and mental health communities whom this author believes have been granted wisdom by God to be used in the healing process.Personal Reflection and Application Having been raised in a church environment which taught members of the congregation to recognize and appreciate the existence of what may be occurring in the concentric circle of the supernatural system (Hawkins, 2010) or spiritual realm; his author was familiar with the theory presented by Anderson (2000) in The Bondage Breaker. An appreciation for the three channels of temptation about which Anderson speaks had bee n in the forefront of this writer's mind; especially the â€Å"pride of life,† as it is believed pride is the root of all sin (Anderson, 2000).Looking back over the past, there was a time when pride was an issue in this author's life, yet it was unrecognized. On a Sunday evening church service during testimony time, this then high school student sat listening to stories of friends who were praising God for ringing them out of a life filled with drugs, promiscuity, and any number of other sins. The testimony shared by this author bestowed praise to God for keeping her from all the sins which seemed to plague her friends.Pall's first letter to the Corinthian church warns, â€Å"Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall† (l Corinthians 10:12, INKS). In Just a few short weeks as a college freshman, this writer found herself in a lesbian relationship. The inability or refusal to recognize pride allowed the enemy to gain a foothold into this future counse lor's life. That foothold eventually became a stronghold. The end result was years of living in disobedience; in bondage to a lifestyle of homosexuality which obviously managed to wreak havoc on any previous connection shared between this writer and her Lord.Peace was impossible. After years of encountering the gentle wooing of the Holy Spirit, eventually, the conviction experienced was too much for this author to bear; at which time, the employment of Andersen's (2000) seven steps to freedom in Christ was set in motion: confession of sin, a willingness to renounce completely the homosexual lifestyle, repent, recognize the deception of the enemy and instead embrace God's truth, forgive, submit to God, swallow pride, experience freedom, and finally receive the blessing.The process of moving from bondage to freedom in Christ was laborious, and physically and emotionally draining. However, the end result of a happy marriage with a loving husband and beautiful daughter, as well as the k nowledge of living in right relationship with the Lord brings a peace like no other. The positional peace which once was evident when she became a Christian as a young girl, again was ruling in this author's heart as she allowed God's Word to dwell there (I. E. Colombians 3:15-16). The process of embracing the Truth became a liberating friend (Anderson, 2000).Realizing in this day of tolerance and political correctness, the subject of homosexuality may be extremely controversial; however it remains the belief of this author that one cannot pick and choose which parts of God's Word one is willing to accept as truth. One of the reasons this author seeks to become a Licensed Professional Counselor is that she hopes to eventually work with young women who are willing to shed the blinders set upon them by the enemy of their souls; who share a willingness to embrace God's truth for their lives, and escape f life of sin.As work will be done when counseling individuals in order to apply the principles set forth in The Bondage Breaker, this future counselor understands the process of sanctification is not an easy one. However, as Anderson (2000) reminds the reader, while never-ending; the rewards far outweigh the weight of the struggle. Reference Anderson, N. T. (2006). The bondage breaker (New and Expanded Edition). Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers. Hawkins, R. (2010). The contribution of Neil Anderson and discipleship counseling. Lynchburg, VA: Liberty University.

Assignment †Drinks: Evidence-Based Claims

HBS108 Assignment – Drinks: Evidence-based Claims ———————————————————————————————————————————— 1. INTRODUCTION Drinks are an important and yet relatively under researched area of children's nutrition. The purpose of this report is to research on what the latest peer- reviewed evidence states about the health benefits of products such as Nutrient water, and to then to compare this literature to the health benefits of cow’s milk.By examining a range of recently published peer-reviewed journal articles on the topic of advantages and disadvantages of drinks which are evidence based claims, this report is an examination and comparison between nutrient water type drinks and cow’s milk. The report then concludes with a recommendation on how to make a good nutritional choice in which is best for children to consume. 2i. ADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING â€Å"NUTRIENT WATER†-TYPE DRINKSConsumers today want more from their beverages than merely good taste. In addition to nutrient water type drinks, energy drinks such as red bull, has continued to gain popularity among teenagers (Malinauskas et al. 2007, p. 2). Studies has shown that energy drinks provide the consumer with increased energy as shown in advertisements with the aid of caffeine by providing the desirable effects of increased alertness, improved memory, and enhanced mood (Oddy & O’Sullivan 2009, p. 4). Malinauskas et al. (2007, p. 6) states that through research, energy drink consumption is common among college students, particularly due to insufficient sleep, needing more energy in general, while studying for exams or working on major course projects and while dr iving an automobile for prolonged period. Guarana is an ingredient found in energy drinks, its functional claim is to increase energy, enhances physical performance, and promotes weight loss.There is scientific evidence to support this claim, major component of guarana is caffeine and caffeine consumption has been associated with increased energy, enhancement of physical performance, and suppressed appetite (Scholey & Kennedy 2004, p. 321). 2ii. DISADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING â€Å"NUTRIENT WATER†-TYPE DRINKS Caffeine has been found to have detrimental health consequences.At moderate intakes, caffeine can enhance endurance performance and concentration in adults, but when consumed in larger doses, caffeine can cause anxiety, agitation, sleeplessness, gastrointestinal problems, and arrhythmias (Oddy & O’Sullivan 2009, p. 64). Further, acute caffeine consumption reduces insulin sensitivity and increases mean arterial blood pressure. Central nervous system, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and renal dysfunction have been associated with chronic caffeine ingestion. According to Clauson et al. (2008, p. 6) research has also shown that the high glucose content of energy drinks and other flavored enhanced beverages plays a considerable role in weight gain, which can lead to serious health consequences such as diabetes. In addition, Clauson et al. explains that deaths, new-onset seizures, manic episodes have been linked to ingestion of large amounts of energy drinks. Based on findings, consumption of energy drinks nor nutrient enhanced drinks by children is not recommended. 3i. ADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING COW’S MILK According to Popkin et al. (2006, p. 33) many beneficial, and some detrimental, health effects have been attributed to the consumption of cow’s milk. Furthermore, Popkin et al. (2006, p. 533) states that for children and adolescents, milk is the current key source of vitamin D and calcium and is an excellent source of high-quality protein. Cow’s milk consumption has several benefits. Watt, Dykes and Sheiham (2000, p. 14) explains that an adequate intake of calcium is needed to ensure development and maintenance of skeletal strength. Bone disorders such as osteoporosis are an increasing health problem which can be prevented with daily intake of ample quantity of milk.A recent study demonstrated that intake of milk in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased bone mass and density in adulthood (Kristensen et al. 2005, p. 1803). Pfeuffer and Schrezenmeir (2006, p. 113) states that recent observational studies confirm that the consumption of milk products can actually lower cholesterol levels, have reduced risk of protein malnutrition, fewer dental cavities, increased mineral content in children bones and fewer bone fractures. 3ii. DISADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING COW’S MILK According to Bell, Grochoski & Clarke (2006, p. 4) up until recent ly, the only reputed downside to consuming bovine milk and other dairy products were intolerances to lactose and allergies to milk protein. Furthermore, Bell, Grochoski & Clarke explains that despite its health bene? ts, the consumption of cow’s milk has come under scrutiny for its reported links to the risk of chronic diseases. According to Haug, Hostmark and Harstad ( 2007, p. 6) several studies has suggested that there is an association between milk consumption and blood pressure; as hypertension is inversely related to milk consumption in some epidemiological- and intervention studies.It has been suggested that some milk peptides have antihypertensive effects, both by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme, having opoid-like activities, antithrombotic properties and by binding minerals. Experiments demonstrate that high calcium content of milk can interfere with a child’s absorption of iron, another mineral that is crucial for development. To ensure a child is no t iron deficient, it’s a good idea to avoid serving milk products and iron-rich foods in the same meal (Dewar 2009, p. 28). 4. CONCLUSION Drinks are an important and yet relatively under researched area of children's nutrition.This report has identified the advantages and disadvantages of children who are of 9 to 12 years of age regularly consuming â€Å"nutrient water-type drinks and cow’s milk. The impact of regularly consuming cow’s milk as opposed to energy drinks in addition to â€Å"nutrient water-type drinks† is expected to have positive health benefits such as the prevention of osteoporosis, increased bone mass and density, lower cholesterol levels, reduced risk of protein malnutrition, fewer dental cavities, increased mineral content in children bones and fewer bone fractures. . RECOMMENDATION From the above mentioned peer-reviewed evidence-based discussion, we recommend that children and adolescents of 9 years of age and older group should cons ume 3 cups per day of fat-free or low-fat milk or equivalent milk products instead as compared with the nutrient enhanced water in addition to energy drinks. Based on findings, consumption of energy drinks nor nutrient enhanced drinks by children is not recommended as the ingredient found in those drinks might lead to adverse effects and possibly death in case of over consumption.Patients with clinically relevant underlying medical conditions, including heart disease, should consult their physician before drinking energy drinks. The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing, and switching from whole milk to low-fat or fat-free milk has been suggested as one way to reduce children’s intake of excess fat and calories. Diets rich in milk products can reduce the risk of low bone mass throughout the life cycle. The consumption of milk products is especially essential for children and adolescents who are building their peak bone mass and developing lifelong habits.Although each of these food groups may have a different relationship with disease outcomes, the adequate consumption of all food groups contributes to overall health. 6. REFERENCE LIST Bell, S Grochoski, G Clarke, A 2006,’Health implications of milk containing beta-casein with the A2 genetic variant’, Critical Reviews In Food Science and Nutrition, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 93-100, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost.Bellisle, F Thornton, SN Hebel, P Denizeau, M Tahiri, M 2010, ‘A study of fluid intake from beverages in a sample of health French children, adolescents and adults’, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 64, no. 4, pp, 350-335, retrieved 4 September 2011, < http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy-m. deakin. edu. au/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=f8b1289f-91ba-4e4e-8772-649a62a3cb1e%40sessionmgr111&vid=2&hid=106>. Binns, C Graham, K Scott, J & Oddy, W 2007, ‘Infants who drink cow milk: A cohort study’, Journal of Paediatr ics & Child Health, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 607-610, retrieved 21 August 2011, . Black, R Williams, S Jones, I & Goulding, A 2002,’Children who avoid drinking cow milk have low dietary calcium intakes and poor bone health’, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 675-680, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Cecil, J Palmer, C Wrieden, W Murrie, I Bolton-Smith, C Watt, P Wallis, D & Hetherington, M 2005, ‘Energy intakes of children after preloads: adjustment, not Compensation 1-3’, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 302-308, retrieved 19 August 2011, . Clauson, K Shields, K McQueen, C & Persad, N 2008,’Safety issues associated with commercially avalibale energy drinks’, Journal Of The American Pharmacists Association: Japha, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 55, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Crowley, E Williams, L Roberts, T Jones, P & Dunstan, R 2008, â⠂¬ËœEvidence for a role of cow’s milk consumption in chronic functional constipation in children: Systematic review of the literature from 1980 to 2006’, Nutrition & Dietetics, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 29-35, retrieved 21 August 201l, . Haug, A Hostmark, A Harstad, O 2007,’Bovine milk in human nutrition-a review’, Lipids in Health And Disease, vol. 6, pp. 25, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Henriksen, C Eggesbo, M Halvorsen, R &Botten, G 2000, ‘Nutrient intake among two-year-old children on cows’ milk-restricted diets’ , Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway:1992), vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 272-278, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost.Kristensen, M Jensen, M Kudsk, J Henriksen, M & Molgaard, C 2005,’Short-term effects on bone turnover of replacing milk with cola beverages: a 10-day interventional study in young men’, Osteoporosis International: A Journal Established As Result Of Coope ration Between The European Foundation For Osteoporosis And The National Osteoporosis Foundation Of The USA, vol. 16, no. 2. pp. 1803-1808, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Malinauskas, B Aeby, V Overton, R Carpenter-Aeby, T & Barber-Heidal, K 2007,’ A survey of energy drink consumption patterns among college students’, Nutrition Journal, vol. , pp, 35, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Oddy, W & O’Sullivan, T 2009,’ Energy drinks for children and adolescents’, BMJ (Clinical Research Ed), vol. 340, pp. 64, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Patel, A Hampton, K 2011, ‘Encouraging consumption of water in school and child care settings: access, challenges, and strategies for improvement’, American Journal of Public Health, vol. 101, no. 8, pp. 1370-1379, retrieved 23 August 2011, < http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy-m. deakin. edu. u/ehost/pdfviewer/pd fviewer? sid=37554068-00c1-45ad-a81c-1faf54e13bcd%40sessionmgr110&vid=2&hid=106>. Pfeuffer, M Schrezenmeir, J 2007,’Milk and the metabolic syndrome’, Obesity Reviews: An Official Journal Of The International Association For The Study Of Obesity, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 109-118, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Popkin, B Armstrong, L Bray, G Caballero, B Frei, B & Willett, W 2006,’A new proposed guidance system for beverage consumption in the United States’, The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 529-542, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Scholey, A Kennedy, D 2004,’Cognitive and Physiological effects of an â€Å"energy drink†: an evaluation of the whole drink and of glucose, caffeine and herbal flavouring fractions’, Psychopharmacology, vol. 176, no. 3-4, pp. 320-330, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Shirreffs, S 2009, ‘Hy dration in sport and exercise: water, sports drinks and other drinks’, Nutrition Bulletin, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 374-379, retrieved 19 August 2011, .Vieira, M Morais, M Spolidoro, J Toporovski, M Cardoso, A Araujo, G Nudelman, V & Fonseca, M 2010, ‘A survey on clinical presentation and nutritional status of infants with suspected cow milk allergy’, BMC Pediatrics, vol. 10, pp. 25, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Watt, R Dykes, J & Sheiham, A 2000, ‘Drink consumption in British preschool children: relation to vitamin C, iron and calcium intakes’, Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 13-19, retrieved 20 August 2011, .Weaver, C 2009, ’Should dairy be recommended as part of a healthy vegetarian diet? Point’, The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 1634S-1637S, retrieved 5 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. 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Which ACT Score Do Schools Use

Which ACT Score Do Schools Use SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Most colleges will use your ACT scores in some capacity when making admissions decisions. If you take the ACT multiple times, however, it's not always clear which scores they will consider most strongly. In this article, I'll give you an overview of the policies that exist at different colleges when it comes to reviewing ACT scores in the admissions process. The Basics Most schools will focus on composite score values when considering your ACT scores.Schools that require the optional ACT Writing section will usually look at your Writing score separately or in the form of the English Language Arts (ELA) subscore (which is the average of your scores on the English, Reading, and Writing sections).Some admissions committees will look at subscores in the different subject areas based on the student’s academic interests and application strengths. This is most common at specialized colleges that are tech and engineering-oriented and are interested in math scores.Otherwise, schools will mainly look at the average of the four multiple choice sections. Colleges may decide to look at your scores in different ways depending on their policies.Some schools will allow you to exercise Score Choice or use Superscoring, some don’t require score submissions at all, and some may accept other tests in place of the ACT.I’ll go over the different scenarios you might encounter in the next couple of sections. Score Choice and Superscoring Score Choice and Superscoring will affect which ACT scores colleges use in the application process.Score Choice is a built-in feature of the ACT that is allowed by many colleges.It just means that you can decide which test scores you want to send to schools (by test date only, not at the subsection level).Since you’re charged a fee to send score reports for each test date and not just for each school, using Score Choice can also save you money on your applications. You can’t send scores from some sections and not others, so you only have so much flexibility, but you can use Score Choice to keep low scores to yourself. To be clear, this option has always been an inherent aspect of the ACT score reporting process. The ACT doesn't name it anything specific, but I'm calling it Score Choice here because that's the label that most people are familiar with (it's called Score Choice for the SAT). You should also know that some colleges will require you to submit all of your ACT scores, so don't automatically assume that you can omit some of your scores in the reporting process. Superscoring is a practice that some colleges use after they receive your scores.It means that the school will take your highest scores on each section of the ACT and average them into one â€Å"super† composite score.Superscoring is a way for colleges to boost their standardized testing statistics while also allowing you to relax a little more when you take the ACT.If you get low scores on a section on one test date, you can devote your study time to remedying those mistakes. You will be able to focus on improving your scores for that specific section without worrying about the other sections where you already scored well. Of course, Superscoring is only a factor if you submit scores from more than one test date to a school. It's also less common with ACT scores than with SAT scores.Here’s a list of schools that use Superscoring on the ACT. There are also some schools that won't average your top scores into one composite score but will consider your highest individual section scores from different test dates. In general, most colleges will use your best scores on the ACT to judge your application whether that means Superscoring or just using your best one-time composite score out of the scores you decide to send them. If all of your scores together are the Himalayas, most colleges only care about Mt. Everest. What About ACT Writing? Some schools will look at both your composite ACT score and your ACT Writing score.There are 633 colleges that currently require you to submit the ACT Writing section.The ACT Writing test shows colleges how well you can produce a sample of writing under pressure. Your main application essay isn't as helpful in judging your writing ability since most people painstakingly proofread these essays over the course of many hours. The ACT also provides an ELA subscore that averages your scores on the English and Reading multiple choice sections and your score on the essay to create an additional score out of 36.Some schools use this score as a guide for placing students out of introductory writing courses. Other Special Cases There are some schools that are test optional, test blind, or test flexible, meaning you’ll have more choices to make when it comes to submitting your scores.â€Å"Test optional† schools give you the option of submitting your ACT scores, but they don’t require them for a completed application. If you do submit your scores, these schools will consider them in the same way that a school that requires scores might. If you choose not to submit your scores, then they will just use your GPA and high school course record to make their decision instead.There is only one school, Hampshire College, that is "test blind". This means that the admissions committee won't look at your ACT scores even if you do decide to send them. â€Å"Test flexible† schools require you to submit scores from standardized tests, but they will accept other options besides standard ACT or SAT scores.For example, some schools say that you can send them three SAT Subject Test scores or three AP scores instead.In this case, if you decide that other scores are a better representation of your abilities,a school might not look at your ACT scores at all. A very special case. What's inside? Could it be millions of ACT test booklets? We'll never know. Conclusion Colleges use different policies in deciding which ACT scores they will consider in the application process.Most schools require students to submit scores, but they will usually look at the highest composite score or use Superscoring to create your highest possible score out of subscores from different test dates.In most cases, you can choose to send schools only your best composite scores so that they won’t be negatively biased by a bad test date (although some competitive schools request access to all of your scores). Some colleges ask to see your ACT Writing score, but it's considered less strongly than your composite scorein the admissions decision. In rare cases, your ELA subscore will be used to determine your placement in introductory writing courses. There are also test optional colleges that don’t require you to send standardized test scores at all and test flexible schools where you can send other test scores in place of the ACT.You should look up the policies at schools that interest you. For most colleges that take the ACT into consideration, you can assume that your highest score will be used in making admissions decisions. What's Next? You may be wondering how high of a score you should be aiming for on the ACT based on your college goals. Read our guide to find out what a good ACT score looks like for you. You get four free score reports to send to colleges when you take the ACT. Our article will help youdecide whether to make use of them or not. How do you send your ACT scores to colleges anyways? I'm so glad you asked. Just click on the link to learn more! Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Essay on Death

Essay on Death Essays on death such as essays on the death penalty, essays on the Black Death and essays on death and dying are written keeping in consideration the issue of death that is common to all human beings and that will come to all. Many dramas are written that deal with the issue of death and critics write different articles and essays on death for those death-oriented plays. Death is a theme that is seen differently by different people who write on this theme in form of essay on death. Some consider death as a source of release from this troublesome life; others consider death a horrifying reality. Death is seen as a friend as well as an enemy. Essays on death of a salesman usually deal about the issue of existence of a common man who finds relief in death and also embraces death to give a benefit to his son, Biff. Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by Arthur Miller. It has never lost its reputation of an excellent play since its writing. In this play, Arthur Miller indicates death as something that takes a common man, Willy Loman, in its hands to give him freedom from his so long struggling life which gives him nothing except hopelessness and losses. Willy Loman suicides and takes refuge in death, which frees him from all his pains and sufferings of life. Critical essays on death of a salesman should be written by criticizing the drama according to one’s own perceptions and feelings. The essays on death should generally be written by highlighting your own ideas and thoughts regarding death. Every person feels about death variably because for every person life is different and his written essay on death will be different accordingly. Some people are fortunate enough that they are awarded a happy life to live while others are burdened by many problems; some people are successful because they make use of intellect while leading their life while others give most importance to their emotional aspect and lead a life based on the decisions of their heart; some people keep a strong imagination for their future life and live in dreams in place of reality while other face the reality as it is, so, for different personalities, life is different and so is death as they are interlinked. An essay on death or essay on death penalty will be written on your view of life and death. An essay on death or essay on death penalty should be written by introducing the issue of death for which you are writing an essay on death. A persuasive essay on death penalty should be organized in such a form that the first passage should introduce the topic, after the introduction, comes the body passages that keep the information regarding to your arguments related to the issue of death and the last passage of the essay on death should summarize the whole set of arguments described in the body passages. You can get plagiarism free essays on death from online custom writing websites like us, which are there for your assistance.

Tourism impacts and sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tourism impacts and sustainability - Essay Example According to the journal Tourism by Tourism Alliance, the impacts of tourism activities are innumerable. The effects of tourism comprises of the social, cultural, political, and economic. The United Kingdom has put prudent strategies to address the possible adverse impacts of tourism. This is in the light that tourism can disrupt environment, culture, and economy in the regions of its occurrence. The principal aim of sustainable tourism is to maximise the positive development and experience of the people where it takes place. To achieve tourism sustainability, this calls for managers and all the stakeholders to cooperate. The result is to streamline the tourism industry for maximum benefit of tourism industry (Tourism Alliance, 2010:3). This paper will endeavour to examine the impact of tourism and its sustainability. The paper will achieve this objective through looking at a number of studies in academic journals. According to ADAS report, tourism contributes to the growth of econom y of the United Kingdom. The department for environment, Food, and Rural Affairs in conjunction with Tourism Company and ADAS did a research on the trends of tourism in the year 2007. The research was seeking to find evidence, trends, and performance in the tourism industry. ... Moreover, the report portrays that the United Kingdom spends many funds on global tourism (Defra, 2007:5). The ADAS research further reveals that the ever-growing air transport has facilitated the growth of tourism. The findings allude that in the United Kingdom is one of the biggest earners from the international tourism. The report shows that in the year 2005, the United Kingdom ranked fifth in the rank of the largest nation with highest incomes from tourism. On the aspect of adverse effects of tourism on environment, the ADAS research does not find any connection to link tourism with ecological degradation. This is an allusion that tourists’ activities do not have any adverse effects on the environment (Defra 2007:8). Haley, Snaith, and Miller’s research presented in their journal asserts that a smooth interaction of tourists and local communities is important for sustainable tourism. This is from their case study at Bath in the United Kingdom in 2004. The main inten tion of the study was determine the perception of the people of Bath towards tourism. Using a sample of people and longitudinal and comparative data collection, the report indicates that people support tourism development in Bath. The findings of this research demonstrate that tourism does not have any adverse effects to the social settings in the United Kingdom. There research highlights that the residents of Bath embrace tourists’ activities and development. According to the research, some of the factors that accounts for the support of Bath for tourists destination include low incomes. The people of Bath encourage tourists’ activities as a source of income. This is because of the benefits they obtain from tourists activities. Much of the findings in this study indicate that